More Results

    From Sectors and Smart Beta to Fixed Income, SPDR Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) give you wide access to diverse investment opportunities. Find out more.

    Okay

    SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust SPY

    Important Risk Disclosure

    In general, ETFs can be expected to move up or down in value with the value of the applicable index. Although ETF shares may be bought and sold on the exchange through any brokerage account, ETF shares are not individually redeemable from the Fund. Investors may acquire ETFs and tender them for redemption through the Fund in Creation Unit Aggregations only. Please see the prospectus for more details.

    Equity securities may fluctuate in value in response to the activities of individual companies and general market and economic conditions.

    The municipal market is volatile and can be significantly affected by adverse tax, legislative or political changes and the financial condition of the issuers of municipal securities. Interest rate increases can cause the price of a debt security to decrease. A portion of the dividends you receive may be subject to federal, state, or local income tax or may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax..

    Income exempt from federal income tax may be subject to state or local tax and the Federal Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT).

    Non-diversified funds that focus on a relatively small number of securities tend to be more volatile than diversified funds and the market as a whole.

    Passively managed funds hold a range of securities that, in the aggregate, approximates the full Index in terms of key risk factors and other characteristics. This may cause the fund to experience tracking errors relative to performance of the index.

    While the shares of ETFs are tradable on secondary markets, they may not readily trade in all market conditions and may trade at significant discounts in periods of market stress.

    ETFs trade like stocks, are subject to investment risk, fluctuate in market value and may trade at prices above or below the ETFs net asset value. Brokerage commissions and ETF expenses will reduce returns.

    Intellectual Property Information: Standard & Poor’s®, S&P® and SPDR® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (S&P); Dow Jones is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (Dow Jones); and these trademarks have been licensed for use by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC (SPDJI) and sublicensed for certain purposes by State Street Corporation. State Street Corporation’s financial products are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by SPDJI, Dow Jones, S&P, their respective affiliates and third party licensors and none of such parties make any representation regarding the advisability of investing in such product(s) nor do they have any liability in relation thereto, including for any errors, omissions, or interruptions of any index.

    Before investing, consider the funds' investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses. To obtain a prospectus or summary prospectus which contains this and other information, call 1-866-787-2257 download a prospectus or summary prospectus now, or talk to your financial advisor. Read it carefully before investing.

    NAV

    NAV

    The market value of a mutual fund's or ETFs total assets, minus liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding.

    $378.12

    as of Jun 23 2022

    Base Currency

    USD

    Assets Under Management

    $346,404.32 M

    as of Jun 23 2022

    Gross Expense Ratio

    Gross Expense Ratio

    The fund's total annual operating expense ratio. It is gross of any fee waivers or expense reimbursements. It can be found in the fund's most recent prospectus.

    0.0945%

    Quick Links

    Key Features

    Key Features

    • The SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust seeks to provide investment results that, before expenses, correspond generally to the price and yield performance of the S&P 500® Index (the “Index”)
    • The S&P 500 Index is a diversified large cap U.S. index that holds companies across all eleven GICS sectors
    • Launched in January 1993, SPY was the very first exchange traded fund listed in the United States

    About this Benchmark

    About this Benchmark

    The S&P 500® Index is composed of selected stocks from five hundred (500) issuers, all of which are listed on national stock exchanges and spans over approximately 24 separate industry groups.

    Fund Information as of Jun 25 2022

    Fund Information as of Jun 25 2022
    Benchmark Inception Date Options Available Gross Expense Ratio

    Gross Expense Ratio

    The fund's total annual operating expense ratio. It is gross of any fee waivers or expense reimbursements. It can be found in the fund's most recent prospectus.

    		 Base Currency Trustee Marketing Agent
    S&P 500 Index Jan 22 1993 Yes 0.0945% USD State Street Global Advisors Trust Company State Street Global Advisors Funds Distributors, LLC
    Benchmark S&P 500 Index
    Inception Date Jan 22 1993
    Options Available Yes
    Gross Expense Ratio

    Gross Expense Ratio

    The fund's total annual operating expense ratio. It is gross of any fee waivers or expense reimbursements. It can be found in the fund's most recent prospectus.

    		 0.0945%
    Base Currency USD
    Trustee State Street Global Advisors Trust Company
    Marketing Agent State Street Global Advisors Funds Distributors, LLC
    Sponsor Administrator Distributor Distribution Frequency
    PDR State Street Bank and Trust Company ALPS Distributors, Inc. Quarterly
    Sponsor PDR
    Administrator State Street Bank and Trust Company
    Distributor ALPS Distributors, Inc.
    Distribution Frequency Quarterly

    Listing Information as of Jun 25 2022

    Listing Information as of Jun 25 2022
    Exchange Listing Date Trading Currency Ticker CUSIP ISIN
    NYSE ARCA EXCHANGE Jan 22 1993 USD SPY 78462F103 US78462F1030
    Exchange NYSE ARCA EXCHANGE
    Listing Date Jan 22 1993
    Trading Currency USD
    Ticker SPY
    CUSIP 78462F103
    ISIN US78462F1030

    Fund Characteristics as of Jun 23 2022

    Fund Characteristics as of Jun 23 2022
    Est. 3-5 Year EPS Growth

    Estimated 3-5 Year EPS Growth

    Based on the underlying holdings of the fund. The actual earnings estimates for the underlying holdings are provided by FactSet, First Call, I/B/E/S Consensus, and Reuters and are used to calculate a mean 3-5 year EPS growth rate estimate.

    		 Number of Holdings Price/Book Ratio

    Price/Book Ratio

    The weighted harmonic average of closing market price divided by the most recent reported book value for each security in the fund's portfolio as calculated for the last twelve months.

    		 Price/Earnings Ratio FY1

    Price/Earnings Ratio FY1

    The weighted harmonic average of current share price divided by the forecasted one year earnings per share for each security in the fund. Negative and positive outliers are included in the calculation.

    		 Weighted Average Market Cap
    12.71% 504 3.53 16.69 $495,109.78 M
    Est. 3-5 Year EPS Growth

    Estimated 3-5 Year EPS Growth

    Based on the underlying holdings of the fund. The actual earnings estimates for the underlying holdings are provided by FactSet, First Call, I/B/E/S Consensus, and Reuters and are used to calculate a mean 3-5 year EPS growth rate estimate.

    		 12.71%
    Number of Holdings 504
    Price/Book Ratio

    Price/Book Ratio

    The weighted harmonic average of closing market price divided by the most recent reported book value for each security in the fund's portfolio as calculated for the last twelve months.

    		 3.53
    Price/Earnings Ratio FY1

    Price/Earnings Ratio FY1

    The weighted harmonic average of current share price divided by the forecasted one year earnings per share for each security in the fund. Negative and positive outliers are included in the calculation.

    		 16.69
    Weighted Average Market Cap $495,109.78 M

    Index Characteristics as of Jun 23 2022

    Index Characteristics as of Jun 23 2022
    Est. 3-5 Year EPS Growth Number of Holdings Price/Cash Flow Price/Earnings Price/Earnings Ratio FY1
    12.70% 503 13.43 18.42 16.69
    Est. 3-5 Year EPS Growth 12.70%
    Number of Holdings 503
    Price/Cash Flow 13.43
    Price/Earnings 18.42
    Price/Earnings Ratio FY1 16.69

    Index Statistics as of Jun 23 2022

    Index Statistics as of Jun 23 2022

    Average Size
    Size Range
    Weighted Average Market Cap Mean Median Largest Smallest
    $495,076.66 M $70,536.66 M $27,066.04 M $2,241,020.50 M $4,151.48 M
    Weighted Average Market Cap $495,076.66 M
    Average Size
    Mean $70,536.66 M
    Median $27,066.04 M
    Size Range
    Largest $2,241,020.50 M
    Smallest $4,151.48 M

    Yields as of Jun 23 2022

    Yields as of Jun 23 2022
    30 Day SEC Yield

    30 Day SEC Yield

    (Also known as Standardized Yield) An annualized yield that is calculated by dividing the net investment income earned by the fund over the most recent 30-day period by the current maximum offering price.

    		 30 Day SEC Yield (Unsubsidized)

    30 Day SEC Yield (Unsubsidized)

    An annualized yield that is calculated by dividing the net investment income earned by the fund over the most recent 30-day period by the current maximum offering price that does not account for expense ratio waivers.

    		 Fund Distribution Yield

    Fund Distribution Yield

    The sum of the most recent 12 distributions within the past 365 days divided by Net Asset Value per share, expressed as a percentage.

    		 Index Dividend Yield

    Index Dividend Yield

    The weighted average of the underlyings' indicated annual dividend divided by price, expressed as a percentage.
    1.55% - 1.59% 1.69%
    30 Day SEC Yield

    30 Day SEC Yield

    (Also known as Standardized Yield) An annualized yield that is calculated by dividing the net investment income earned by the fund over the most recent 30-day period by the current maximum offering price.

    		 1.55%
    30 Day SEC Yield (Unsubsidized)

    30 Day SEC Yield (Unsubsidized)

    An annualized yield that is calculated by dividing the net investment income earned by the fund over the most recent 30-day period by the current maximum offering price that does not account for expense ratio waivers.

    		 -
    Fund Distribution Yield

    Fund Distribution Yield

    The sum of the most recent 12 distributions within the past 365 days divided by Net Asset Value per share, expressed as a percentage.

    		 1.59%
    Index Dividend Yield

    Index Dividend Yield

    The weighted average of the underlyings' indicated annual dividend divided by price, expressed as a percentage.

    		 1.69%

    Fund Market Price as of Jun 23 2022

    Fund Market Price as of Jun 23 2022
    Bid/Ask

    Bid/Ask Mid Point

    (Also known as Mid Price) The price between the best price of the sellers for a trading unit of a given security and the best price of the buyer of a trading unit of a given security.

    		 Closing Price

    Closing Price

    Market Price of last reported trade on the exchange.

    		 Day High Day Low Exchange Volume (Shares)

    Exchange Volume (shares)

    Represents the volume of shares traded on the ETF's primary exchange throughout the previous business day.

    		 Premium/Discount

    Premium/Discount to NAV

    Shows the comparison of the daily net asset value (NAV) and the Midpoint of the closing bid/ask for each of the funds calculated as ((4PM Bid/Ask - Closing NAV) / Closing NAV * 100)

    		 30-Day Median Bid/Ask Spread

    The median bid-ask spread is calculated by identifying national best bid and national best offer ("NBBO") for each Fund as of the end of each 10 second interval during each trading day of the last 30 calendar days and dividing the difference between each such bid and offer by the midpoint of the NBBO. The median of those values is identified and posted on each business day.
    $378.13 $378.06 $378.82 $372.90 13,591,234 0.00% 0.00%
    Bid/Ask

    Bid/Ask Mid Point

    (Also known as Mid Price) The price between the best price of the sellers for a trading unit of a given security and the best price of the buyer of a trading unit of a given security.

    		 $378.13
    Closing Price

    Closing Price

    Market Price of last reported trade on the exchange.

    		 $378.06
    Day High $378.82
    Day Low $372.90
    Exchange Volume (Shares)

    Exchange Volume (shares)

    Represents the volume of shares traded on the ETF's primary exchange throughout the previous business day.

    		 13,591,234
    Premium/Discount

    Premium/Discount to NAV

    Shows the comparison of the daily net asset value (NAV) and the Midpoint of the closing bid/ask for each of the funds calculated as ((4PM Bid/Ask - Closing NAV) / Closing NAV * 100)

    		 0.00%
    30-Day Median Bid/Ask Spread

    The median bid-ask spread is calculated by identifying national best bid and national best offer ("NBBO") for each Fund as of the end of each 10 second interval during each trading day of the last 30 calendar days and dividing the difference between each such bid and offer by the midpoint of the NBBO. The median of those values is identified and posted on each business day.

    		 0.00%
    Premium Discount to NAV Graph and Summary

    The line graph and table below show historical information about the differences between the daily closing price for shares of the fund (as determined by the fund’s listing exchange) and the fund’s net asset value over certain periods. The vertical axis of the line graph shows the premium/discount expressed as a percentage of NAV. The horizontal axis indicates the date at which the premium/discount occurred. The table shows the number of trading days in which the fund traded at a premium or at a discount to NAV.

    x axis: Dates
    y axis: Premium or Discount (bps)
    Number of Days Summary
    Calendar Year 2021 First Quarter of 2022
    Days Traded at Premium

    Number of days the ETF 4PM Bid/Ask was above the NAV.

    		 163 38
    Days Traded at Discount

    Number of days the ETF 4PM Bid/Ask was below the NAV.

    		 89 24
    Days Traded at Premium

    Number of days the ETF 4PM Bid/Ask was above the NAV.
    Calendar Year 2021 163
    First Quarter of 2022 38
    Days Traded at Discount

    Number of days the ETF 4PM Bid/Ask was below the NAV.
    Calendar Year 2021 89
    First Quarter of 2022 24
    Fund Data

    Because ETFs trade like stocks at current market prices, shareholders may pay more than a fund’s NAV when purchasing fund shares and may receive less than a fund’s NAV when selling fund shares.

    Before investing, consider the funds' investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses. To obtain a prospectus or summary prospectus which contains this and other information, call 1-866-787-2257 download a prospectus or summary prospectus now, or talk to your financial advisor. Read it carefully before investing.

    Fund Net Cash Amount as of Jun 23 2022

    Fund Net Cash Amount as of Jun 23 2022
    Net Cash Amount
    -$9,447,356.39
    Net Cash Amount -$9,447,356.39

    Fund Net Asset Value as of Jun 23 2022

    Fund Net Asset Value as of Jun 23 2022
    NAV

    NAV

    The market value of a mutual fund's or ETFs total assets, minus liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding.

    		 Shares Outstanding Assets Under Management
    $378.12 916.13 M $346,404.32 M
    NAV

    NAV

    The market value of a mutual fund's or ETFs total assets, minus liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding.

    		 $378.12
    Shares Outstanding 916.13 M
    Assets Under Management $346,404.32 M
    Most Recent NAV / NAV History

    Fund Performance

    Fund Performance

    • Fund Inception Date: Jan 22 1993
    Performance
    Month End Quarter End

    as of May 31 2022

    as of Mar 31 2022

    As Of 1 Month QTD YTD 1 Year 3 Year 5 Year 10 Year Since Inception
    Jan 22 1993
    Fund Before Tax
    NAV May 31 2022 0.17% -8.56% -12.79% -0.40% 16.27% 13.22% 14.25% 9.97%
    Market Value May 31 2022 0.21% -8.57% -12.77% -0.40% 16.29% 13.24% 14.25% 9.97%
    S&P 500 Index May 31 2022 0.18% -8.55% -12.76% -0.30% 16.44% 13.38% 14.40% 10.10%
    Fund After Tax
    Return after Taxes on Distributions May 31 2022 0.17% -8.56% -12.90% -0.77% 15.80% 12.75% 13.73% 9.44%
    Return after Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares May 31 2022 0.10% -5.07% -7.57% -0.05% 12.73% 10.50% 11.86% 8.65%
    S&P 500 Index May 31 2022 0.18% -8.55% -12.76% -0.30% 16.44% 13.38% 14.40% 10.10%
    As Of 1 Month QTD YTD 1 Year 3 Year 5 Year 10 Year Since Inception
    Jan 22 1993
    Fund Before Tax
    NAV Mar 31 2022 3.70% -4.62% -4.62% 15.52% 18.76% 15.83% 14.49% 10.37%
    Market Value Mar 31 2022 3.75% -4.60% -4.60% 15.46% 18.78% 15.84% 14.50% 10.37%
    S&P 500 Index Mar 31 2022 3.71% -4.60% -4.60% 15.65% 18.92% 15.99% 14.64% 10.50%
    Fund After Tax
    Return after Taxes on Distributions Mar 31 2022 3.57% -4.74% -4.74% 15.09% 18.28% 15.34% 13.97% 9.83%
    Return after Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares Mar 31 2022 2.19% -2.74% -2.74% 9.36% 14.73% 12.66% 12.06% 9.02%
    S&P 500 Index Mar 31 2022 3.71% -4.60% -4.60% 15.65% 18.92% 15.99% 14.64% 10.50%

    Performance quoted represents past performance, which is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value will fluctuate, so you may have a gain or loss when shares are sold. Current performance may be higher or lower than that quoted. Performance of an index is not illustrative of any particular investment.  All results are historical and assume the reinvestment of dividends and capital gains. It is not possible to invest directly in an index.

    Performance returns for periods of less than one year are not annualized.  Performance is shown net of fees.

    Index returns are unmanaged and do not reflect the deduction of any fees or expenses. Index returns reflect all items of income, gain and loss and the reinvestment of dividends and other income as applicable.

    The market price used to calculate the Market Value return is the midpoint between the highest bid and the lowest offer on the exchange on which the shares of the Fund are listed for trading, as of the time that the Fund's NAV is calculated. If you trade your shares at another time, your return may differ.

    Gross Expense Ratio: 0.0945%

    Top Holdings

    Subject to change.

    Top Holdings

    Subject to change.

    Fund Top Holdingsas of Jun 23 2022
    Index Top Holdingsas of Jun 23 2022

    Fund Top Holdings as of Jun 23 2022

    Name Shares Held Weight
    Apple Inc. 165,728,340 6.65%
    Microsoft Corporation 80,612,340 6.05%
    Amazon.com Inc. 94,310,856 3.08%
    Alphabet Inc. Class A 3,241,771 2.11%
    Alphabet Inc. Class C 2,972,361 1.94%
    Tesla Inc 9,044,861 1.85%
    Berkshire Hathaway Inc. Class B 19,500,072 1.51%
    Johnson & Johnson 28,362,418 1.48%
    UnitedHealth Group Incorporated 10,121,299 1.47%
    NVIDIA Corporation 26,989,346 1.27%
    Download All Holdings: Daily

    Index Top Holdings as of Jun 23 2022

    Name Weight
    Apple Inc. 6.65%
    Microsoft Corporation 6.05%
    Amazon.com Inc. 3.08%
    Alphabet Inc. Class A 2.11%
    Alphabet Inc. Class C 1.94%
    Tesla Inc 1.85%
    Berkshire Hathaway Inc. Class B 1.51%
    Johnson & Johnson 1.48%
    UnitedHealth Group Incorporated 1.47%
    NVIDIA Corporation 1.27%

    Sector Allocation

    Sector Allocation
    Fund Sector Breakdownas of Jun 23 2022
    Index Sector Breakdownas of Jun 23 2022

    Fund Sector Breakdown as of Jun 23 2022

    Sector Weight
    Information Technology 27.12%
    Health Care 14.98%
    Consumer Discretionary 10.84%
    Financials 10.72%
    Communication Services 8.97%
    Industrials 7.66%
    Consumer Staples 6.91%
    Energy 4.28%
    Utilities 2.99%
    Real Estate 2.92%
    Materials 2.59%

    Index Sector Breakdown as of Jun 23 2022

    Sector Weight
    Information Technology 27.12%
    Health Care 14.98%
    Consumer Discretionary 10.84%
    Financials 10.72%
    Communication Services 8.98%
    Industrials 7.65%
    Consumer Staples 6.92%
    Energy 4.28%
    Utilities 2.99%
    Real Estate 2.93%
    Materials 2.59%
    Fund Documents
    Tax Documents
    Information & Schedules

    Purchase Information

    Purchase Information

    Buying and Selling ETFs

    ETFs are flexible and easy to trade. Investors buy and sell them like stocks, typically through a brokerage account. Investors can also employ traditional stock trading techniques; including stop orders, limit orders, margin purchases, and short sales using ETFs. They are listed on major US Stock Exchanges.

    ETFs are subject to risk similar to those of stocks including those regarding short-selling and margin account maintenance.

    Ordinary brokerage commissions apply.

    Fund Footnotes

    In general, ETFs can be expected to move up or down in value with the value of the applicable index. Although ETF shares may be bought and sold on the exchange through any brokerage account, ETF shares are not individually redeemable from the Fund. Investors may acquire ETFs and tender them for redemption through the Fund in Creation Unit Aggregations only. Please see the prospectus for more details.

    After-tax returns are calculated based on NAV using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on the investor's tax situation and may differ from those shown. The after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts.

    Unless otherwise noted all information contained herein is that of the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust.

    Performance of an index is not illustrative of any particular investment. It is not possible to invest directly in an index.

    Holdings and sectors shown are as of the date indicated and are subject to change. This information should not be considered a recommendation to invest in a particular sector or to buy or sell any security shown. It is not known whether the sectors or securities shown will be profitable in the future.

    As with all stocks, you may be required to deposit more money or securities into your margin account if the equity, including the amount attributable to your ETF shares, declines.

    All total return figures assume reinvestment of dividend and capital gains at net assets value; actual returns may differ.

    The shares of the SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust represent ownership in the SPDR S&P 500 Trust, a unit investment trust.

    Content on this site is approved for Investment Professional use only.

     

    View More Information About Our Firm: FINRA's BrokerCheck

     

    ETFs trade like stocks, are subject to investment risk, fluctuate in market value and may trade at prices above or below the ETFs net asset value. Brokerage commissions and ETF expenses will reduce returns.

     

    Standard & Poor's®, S&P® and SPDR® are registered trademarks of Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC (S&P); Dow Jones is a registered trademark of Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC (Dow Jones); and these trademarks have been licensed for use by S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC (SPDJI) and sublicensed for certain purposes by State Street Corporation. State Street Corporation's financial products are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by SPDJI, Dow Jones, S&P, their respective affiliates and third party licensors and none of such parties make any representation regarding the advisability of investing in such product(s) nor do they have any liability in relation thereto, including for any errors, omissions, or interruptions of any index.

     

    Distributor: State Street Global Advisors Funds Distributors, LLC, member FINRA, SIPC,  an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of State Street Corporation. References to State Street may include State Street Corporation and its affiliates. Certain State Street affiliates provide services and receive fees from the SPDR ETFs. ALPS Distributors, Inc., member FINRA, is the distributor for DIA, MDY and SPY, all unit investment trusts. ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc., member FINRA, is the distributor for Select Sector SPDRs. ALPS Distributors, Inc. and ALPS Portfolio Solutions Distributor, Inc. are not affiliated with State Street Global Advisors Funds Distributors, LLC.
     

    THIS SITE IS INTENDED FOR QUALIFIED INVESTORS ONLY.
     

    No Offer/Local Restrictions
     

    Nothing contained in or on the Site should be construed as a solicitation of an offer to buy or offer, or recommendation, to acquire or dispose of any security, commodity, investment or to engage in any other transaction. SSGA Intermediary Business offers a number of products and services designed specifically for various categories of investors. Not all products will be available to all investors. The information provided on the Site is not intended for distribution to, or use by, any person or entity in any jurisdiction or country where such distribution or use would be contrary to law or regulation.
     

    All persons and entities accessing the Site do so on their own initiative and are responsible for compliance with applicable local laws and regulations. The Site is not directed to any person in any jurisdiction where the publication or availability of the Site is prohibited, by reason of that person's nationality, residence or otherwise. Persons under these restrictions must not access the Site.

    Information for Non-U.S. Investors:
     

    The products and services described on this web site are intended to be made available only to persons in the United States or as otherwise qualified and permissible under local law. The information on this web site is only for such persons. Nothing on this web site shall be considered a solicitation to buy or an offer to sell a security to any person in any jurisdiction where such offer, solicitation, purchase or sale would be unlawful under the securities laws of such jurisdiction.
     

    Before investing, consider the funds' investment objectives, risks, charges and expenses. To obtain a prospectus or summary prospectus which contains this and other information, call 1-866-787-2257, download a prospectus or summary prospectus now, or talk to your financial advisor. Read it carefully before investing.
     

    Not FDIC Insured * No Bank Guarantee * May Lose Value

    2732006.7.1.AM.INST

    Exp. 01.31.2023

     

    Sitemap

    © [[]] %%State Street Corporation%%. All rights reserved.